Abstract: This paper examines the impacts of the types and precision of management earnings forecasts (hereafter as MEFs) on the accuracy of MEFs of listed companies in China. The empirical results show that compared with voluntary disclosure, mandatory disclosure has higher accuracy. In addition, the higher the precision of the company's MEFs, the more accurate the information contained in the MEFs, the higher the accuracy of the MEFs. The conclusion of this paper enriches the influencing factors of accuracy of company MEFs, which not only helps investors to make investment decisions, but also provides a theoretical basis for regulatory authorities to formulate regulatory policies.

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Abstract: Johnson & Johnson is a group of companies that manufactures healthcare products, medical devices, and pharmaceuticals, and has a 100-year history of being a leader in the pharmaceutical industry. Johnson & Johnson has always had a good reputation, but the previous year Johnson & Johnson suffered a large amount of product recalls. The original company's products did not meet the quality requirements and the hygiene conditions of the manufacturing process were not up to scratch. As a result, Johnson & Johnson's reputation has suffered greatly and the company's overall earnings have been affected, in recent years, a global pandemic of Covid-19 has led to the announcement of another halt to Johnson & Johnson's vaccine production. This essay will therefore examine whether these turmoils that have hit Johnson & Johnson have had a negative impact on Johnson & Johnson's financial situation over the last five years by calculating and analyzing the company's financial ratio. Through the analysis of the data and financial ratios obtained, Johnson & Johnson's overall profits have been on the rise in recent years due to its excellent marketing and management strategies. It is a worthwhile company for investors to invest in. However, in the long run, if Johnson & Johnson does not find a way to address the damage to its reputation and improve the quality of its products to increase consumer trust in the brand, then the value of Johnson & Johnson will still be on a downward slope.

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